Add IR_remote_test environment with RC-6 emulation
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#include <Arduino.h>
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#define IR_ARDUINO_PIN 10
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#define LED_PIN 3
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// RC-6 timing constants
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// 1 time unit (1t) = 444us (16 cycles of 36kHz carrier)
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static const uint16_t RC6_T = 444;
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// Mark = LOW on wire (simulating TSOP receiving an IR burst)
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void sendMark(uint16_t us) {
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digitalWrite(IR_ARDUINO_PIN, LOW);
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delayMicroseconds(us);
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}
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// Space = HIGH on wire (simulating TSOP idle)
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void sendSpace(uint16_t us) {
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digitalWrite(IR_ARDUINO_PIN, HIGH);
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delayMicroseconds(us);
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}
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// Send a single RC-6 bit using Manchester encoding
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// RC-6 Logic '1': Mark then Space
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// RC-6 Logic '0': Space then Mark
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void sendRC6Bit(uint8_t bit, uint8_t width) {
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if (bit) {
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sendMark(RC6_T * width);
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sendSpace(RC6_T * width);
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} else {
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sendSpace(RC6_T * width);
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sendMark(RC6_T * width);
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}
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}
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// Send RC-6 Mode 6A (MCE) frame
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void sendRC6_MCE(uint32_t data, uint8_t toggle) {
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// Leader: 6t mark + 2t space
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sendMark(RC6_T * 6);
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sendSpace(RC6_T * 2);
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// Start bit: always 1
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sendRC6Bit(1, 1);
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// Mode bits: 1, 1, 0 (mode 6)
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sendRC6Bit(1, 1);
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sendRC6Bit(1, 1);
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sendRC6Bit(0, 1);
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// Toggle bit (double width = 2t per half-bit)
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sendRC6Bit(toggle & 1, 2);
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// 32 data bits, MSB first
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for (int i = 31; i >= 0; i--) {
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sendRC6Bit((data >> i) & 1, 1);
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}
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// Final return to idle state (HIGH)
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sendSpace(40000);
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}
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static uint8_t toggleBit = 0;
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void setup() {
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pinMode(IR_ARDUINO_PIN, OUTPUT);
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digitalWrite(IR_ARDUINO_PIN, HIGH); // Idle state
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pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
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digitalWrite(LED_PIN, LOW);
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}
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void loop() {
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digitalWrite(LED_PIN, HIGH);
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// MCE scancode for Volume Up: 0x800f0410
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sendRC6_MCE(0x800f0410, toggleBit);
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toggleBit ^= 1; // MCE requires alternating toggle bit
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digitalWrite(LED_PIN, LOW);
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delay(1000); // Send every 1 second
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}
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# IR Remote Emulation Test (ATtiny84 to Raspberry Pi)
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This folder contains a test environment to verify direct communication between an ATtiny84 and a Raspberry Pi running LineageOS (Android). The goal is to send remote control commands directly over a wire, bypassing the need for physical infrared (IR) LEDs and receivers.
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## Hardware Setup
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- **Microcontroller**: ATtiny84 running at 8MHz (3.3V)
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- **Target**: Raspberry Pi running LineageOS (3.3V GPIO)
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- **Connection**: A direct wire from ATtiny84 **PA0** (Physical Pin 13 / Arduino Digital 10) to Raspberry Pi **GPIO 24** (Physical Header Pin 18). Both devices share a common ground.
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- **Debug**: An LED on ATtiny digital pin 3 (PA6 / Physical Pin 7) flashes when a command is transmitted.
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## What We Learned
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During testing via ADB, we discovered several crucial details about how the Raspberry Pi handles IR signals in LineageOS:
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1. **Protocol Expectation**: The Raspberry Pi's `gpio_ir_recv` driver defaults to the **RC-6** protocol and uses the Microsoft MCE remote keymap (`rc-rc6-mce`). Sending standard NEC protocol will fail unless the kernel is manually reconfigured.
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2. **Signal Polarity**: The `gpio-ir-recv` device tree node uses the `GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW` flag. This means the Linux driver expects a signal identical to the output of a standard TSOP IR receiver:
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- **Idle (Space)** = `HIGH` (3.3V)
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- **Active Pulse (Mark)** = `LOW` (0V)
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3. **Encoding Rules**: RC-6 uses Manchester encoding. A Logic '1' is defined as a Mark followed by a Space (in our direct-wire context: `LOW` then `HIGH`), while a Logic '0' is a Space followed by a Mark (`HIGH` then `LOW`).
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## Implementation details
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The code in `IR_remote_test.cpp` implements a custom RC-6 Mode 6A (MCE) bit-banged sender. It bypasses 36kHz carrier modulation since the wire connects directly to the demodulated input GPIO on the Pi.
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It sends the specific 32-bit MCE scancode `0x800f0410` (Volume Up), including the proper RC-6 leader pulses, start bit, mode bits, and an alternating toggle bit.
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## Conclusion
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By properly matching the protocol (RC-6 MCE) and the TSOP hardware polarity (Mark=LOW, Space=HIGH), we were able to successfully inject remote control commands directly into the Android input subsystem without needing to modify any Android `.kl` (keylayout) files or custom kernel drivers. The Pi natively decodes the bit-banged signal as a standard `KEY_VOLUMEUP` hardware event.
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